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The first stage in Erikson's theory is


A) autonomy versus shame and doubt.
B) initiative versus guilt.
C) generativity versus stagnation.
D) trust versus mistrust.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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A characteristic feature of information-processing psychologists is that they are most likely to


A) emphasize the influence of culture on development.
B) emphasize that individuals manipulate information, monitor it, and strategize about it.
C) state that individuals develop a gradually decreasing capacity for processing information.
D) state that thinking does not constitute information processing.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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In predicting an adult woman's behavior, it may be more important to know that she is the mother of a 3-year-old child than to know whether she is 20 or 30 years old. This reflects the concept of


A) chronological age.
B) social age.
C) psychological age.
D) biological age.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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Behavioral and social cognitive theories emphasize


A) unconscious motives.
B) discontinuity in behavior.
C) continuity in development.
D) that development occurs in stage-like fashion.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Compare and contrast the cross-sectional and longitudinal approaches to research, listing the advantages and disadvantages of both.

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The cross-sectional approach is a resear...

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When she was a child, Anna's home was wrecked by a tornado and her neighbor was killed. More than 30 years later, she is still terrified of storms. This is an example of how a ________ event can influence a person's development.


A) normative age-graded
B) normative generational
C) nonnormative life
D) normative history-graded

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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According to an increasing number of studies in the United States, compared with younger people, older people


A) are more pressured to achieve.
B) have better relationships with people they care about.
C) are less content with what they have in their lives.
D) have less time for leisurely pursuits.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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The connection across biological, cognitive, and socioemotional processes is most obvious in the two rapidly emerging fields of


A) developmental cognitive neuroscience and developmental social neuroscience.
B) developmental biological neuroscience and developmental social neuroscience.
C) developmental socioemotional pharmacology and developmental biological pharmacology.
D) developmental cognitive biology and developmental cognitive biology.

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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