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In December 1999 people feared that there might be computer problems at banks as the century changed. Consequently, people wanted to hold relatively more in currency and relatively less in deposits. In anticipation banks raised their reserve ratios to have enough cash on hand to meet depositors' demands. These actions by the public


A) would increase the multiplier. If the Fed wanted to offset the effect of this on the size of the money supply, it could have sold bonds.
B) would increase the multiplier. If the Fed wanted to offset the effect of this on the size of the money supply, it could have bought bonds.
C) would reduce the multiplier. If the Fed wanted to offset the effect of this on the size of the money supply, it could have sold bonds.
D) would reduce the multiplier. If the Fed wanted to offset the effect of this on the size of the money supply, it could have bought bonds.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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A problem that the Fed faces when it attempts to control the money supply is that


A) since the U.S. has a fractional-reserve banking system, the amount of money in the economy depends in part on the behavior of depositors and bankers.
B) the Fed has to get the approval of the U.S. Treasury Department whenever it uses any of its monetary policy tools.
C) while the Fed has the ability to change the money supply by a large amount, it does not have the ability to change it by a small amount.
D) federal legislation in the 1950s stripped the Fed of its power to act as a lender of last resort to banks.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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As banks create money, they create wealth.

A) True
B) False

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If the Fed decreases reserve requirements, the money supply will increase.

A) True
B) False

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M1 includes


A) currency.
B) demand deposits.
C) traveler's checks.
D) All of the above are correct.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

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The Board of Governors


A) is chaired by the U.S. Secretary of the Treasury.
B) members are elected by the U.S. public.
C) has 7 members.
D) All of the above are correct.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Which list ranks assets from most to least liquid?


A) currency, fine art, stocks
B) currency, stocks, fine art
C) fine art, currency, stocks
D) fine art, stocks, currency

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following is not included in M1?


A) currency
B) demand deposits
C) traveler's checks
D) credit cards

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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In 1991, the Federal Reserve lowered the reserve requirement from 12 percent to 10 percent. Other things the same this should have


A) increased both the money multiplier and the money supply.
B) decreased both the money multiplier and the money supply.
C) increased the money multiplier and decreased the money supply.
D) decreased the money multiplier and increased the money supply.

E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

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When conducting an open-market sale, the Fed


A) buys government bonds, and in so doing increases the money supply.
B) buys government bonds, and in so doing decreases the money supply.
C) sells government bonds, and in so doing increases the money supply.
D) sells government bonds, and in so doing decreases the money supply.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Which of the following does the U.S. president appoint and the U.S. Senate confirm?


A) members of the Board of Governors and regional Federal Reserve Bank Presidents.
B) members of the Board of Governors but not the regional Federal Reserve Bank Presidents.
C) the regional Federal Reserve Bank Presidents, but not members of the Board of Governors.
D) neither members of the Board of Governors nor regional Federal Reserve Bank Presidents.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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When the Fed purchases $1000 worth of government bonds from the public, the U.S. money supply eventually increases by


A) more than $1000.
B) exactly $1000.
C) less than $1000.
D) None of the above are correct.

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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Table 29-4. Table 29-4.    -Refer to Table 29-4. The reserve ratio for this bank is A)  8 percent. B)  12.5 percent. C)  87.5 percent. D)  25 percent. -Refer to Table 29-4. The reserve ratio for this bank is


A) 8 percent.
B) 12.5 percent.
C) 87.5 percent.
D) 25 percent.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

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If the reserve ratio is 12.5 percent, then $5,600 of money can be generated by


A) $64 of new reserves.
B) $448 of new reserves.
C) $700 of new reserves.
D) $800 of new reserves.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following institutions is a central bank?


A) the Bank of Japan
B) the Bank of England
C) the Federal Reserve System
D) All of the above are correct.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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The federal funds rate is the interest rate


A) the Federal Reserve charges for loans it makes to the federal government.
B) the Federal Reserve charges banks for short-term loans.
C) banks charge each other for short-term loans of reserves.
D) on newly issued one-year Treasury bonds.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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The most common method employed by the Fed to increase the money supply is the


A) sale of U.S. government bonds.
B) purchase of U.S. government bonds.
C) sale of gold.
D) increase of the federal debt ceiling.

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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Describe the role of bank leverage in bank insolvency during times of falling asset prices.

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As bank asset values fall, the effect on...

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If the reserve ratio is 12 percent, then the money multiplier is


A) 9.3.
B) 8.3.
C) 7.3.
D) 12.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

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The manager of the bank where you work tells you that the bank has $400 million in deposits and $340 million dollars in loans. The Fed then raises the reserve requirement from 5 percent to 10 percent. Assuming everything else stays the same, how much is the bank holding in excess reserves after the increase in the reserve requirement?


A) $0
B) $20 million
C) $40 million
D) $60 million

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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