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The classical dichotomy refers to the separation of


A) prices and nominal interest rates.
B) taxes and government spending.
C) decisions made by the public and decisions made by the government.
D) real and nominal variables.

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

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The aggregate demand and aggregate supply model helps us to understand both short-run economic fluctuations and how the economy moves from the short to the long run.

A) True
B) False

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Other things the same, technological progress raises the price level.

A) True
B) False

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If the dollar appreciates, perhaps because of speculation or government policy, then U.S. net exports


A) increase which shifts aggregate demand right.
B) increase which shifts aggregate demand left.
C) decrease which shifts aggregate demand right.
D) decrease which shifts aggregate demand left.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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In 1936, John Maynard Keynes published a book, The General Theory, which attempted to explain


A) stagflation.
B) the classical dichotomy.
C) short-run economic fluctuations.
D) how changes in the money supply had created the Great Depression.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Optimism Imagine that the economy is in long-run equilibrium. Then, perhaps because of improved international relations and increased confidence in policy makers, people become more optimistic about the future and stay this way for some time. -Refer to Optimism. Which curve shifts and in which direction?


A) aggregate demand shifts right
B) aggregate demand shifts left
C) aggregate supply shifts right.
D) aggregate supply shifts left.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Figure 33-4 Figure 33-4   -Refer to Figure 33-4. If the economy is at A and there is a fall in aggregate demand, in the short run the economy A)  stays at A. B)  moves to B. C)  moves to C. D)  moves to D. -Refer to Figure 33-4. If the economy is at A and there is a fall in aggregate demand, in the short run the economy


A) stays at A.
B) moves to B.
C) moves to C.
D) moves to D.

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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When the dollar depreciates, each dollar buys


A) more foreign currency, and so buys more foreign goods.
B) more foreign currency, and so buys fewer foreign goods.
C) less foreign currency, and so buys more foreign goods.
D) less foreign currency, and so buys fewer foreign goods.

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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The sticky-price theory helps explain what feature of the aggregate demand and aggregate supply model?

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why the short run ag...

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Other things the same, the aggregate quantity of output supplied will increase if the price level


A) is lower than expected so that firms believe the relative price of their output has increased.
B) is lower than expected so that firms believe the relative price of their output has decreased.
C) is higher than expected so that firms believe the relative price of their output has increased.
D) is higher than expected so that firms believe the relative price of their output has decreased.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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A change in the money supply changes only nominal variables in the long run.

A) True
B) False

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Who said about classical economic theory: "the long run is a misleading guide to current affairs. In the long run we are all dead"?

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Explain how a recession differs from a depression.

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Recessions are relatively mild...

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Which of the following shifts short-run, but not long-run aggregate supply right?


A) a decrease in the actual price level
B) a decrease in the expected price level
C) a decrease in the capital stock
D) an increase in the money supply

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Other things the same, the aggregate quantity of goods demanded decreases if


A) real wealth falls.
B) the interest rate rises.
C) the dollar appreciates.
D) All of the above are correct.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Refer to U.S. Financial Crisis. What would happen in the market for foreign-currency exchange?


A) the supply of dollars would shift right and the exchange rate would rise.
B) the supply of dollars would shift right and the exchange rate would fall.
C) the supply of dollars would shift left and the exchange rate would rise.
D) None of the above is correct.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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The exchange-rate effect helps explain what feature in the aggregate demand and aggregate supply model?

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why the ag...

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In the aggregate demand and aggregate supply model, the point where the aggregate demand curve crosses the long run aggregate supply curve, and the expected price level equals the actual price level, is known as what?

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Long run e...

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Figure 33-7. Figure 33-7.   -Refer to Figure 33-7. If the economy starts at Y, then a recession occurs at A)  V. B)  W. C)  X. D)  Z. -Refer to Figure 33-7. If the economy starts at Y, then a recession occurs at


A) V.
B) W.
C) X.
D) Z.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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The mathematical equation: quantity of output supplied = natural rate of output + aactual price level - expected price level) , expresses


A) how the long run equilibrium adjusts to changes in money supply.
B) how output deviates in the short run from its long run natural rate.
C) how the short run aggregate supply curve shifts.
D) how adverse shifts in aggregate supply can cause stagflation.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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