Question 1

Wilhelm Wundt focused on:

Accepted Answer

A)  the nature versus nurture issue and interactive dualism.
B)  how brain damage contributes to mental illness.
C)  fundamental psychological processes, such as mental reaction times in response to visual and auditory stimuli.
D)  the effects of mental illness on families.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 2

Researchers at the United Family Therapy Center are conducting a study to determine how quickly symptoms of anxiety are reduced by different forms of psychotherapy. What is the dependent variable in this study?

Accepted Answer

A)  the change in the symptoms of anxiety
B)  the method used to recruit participants for the study
C)  the type of psychotherapy used to treat anxiety
D)  the number of participants receiving each type of psychotherapyE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Rodella is very interested in your dream interpretation, blocked memories, and slips of the tongue. Which approach to psychology best fits Dr. Rodella's interests?

Accepted Answer

A)  the evolutionary perspective
B)  psychoanalysis
C)  behaviorism
D)  humanismE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 4

Which of the following specialty areas is the MOST popular choice for psychologists who have recently received their doctorates?

Accepted Answer

A)  counseling psychology
B)  educational psychology
C)  forensic psychology
D)  clinical psychologyE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 5

_____ dominated American psychology for the first half of the twentieth century.

Accepted Answer

A)  Behaviorism
B)  Psychoanalysis
C)  Humanism
D)  StructuralismE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

In a study described in Chapter 1, psychologist Paul Solomon and his colleagues investigated the effects of the herb Gingko Biloba on memory, concentration, and other mental tasks. All participants in the study took a battery of tests at the beginning and end of the six-week study. The results showed that:

Accepted Answer

A)  test scores increased by about the same amount for the participants in the experimental group and for the participants in the placebo control group.
B)  test scores actually decreased for the participants in the experimental group and increased slightly for the participants in the no-treatment control group.
C)  test scores were virtually identical both times the participants were tested.
D)  although test scores stayed about the same, participants in the study subjectively rated their memory and concentration as being significantly improved.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 7

Of the following correlation coefficients, which represents the WEAKEST relationship between two factors or variables?

Accepted Answer

A)  -) 67
B)  +) 53
C)  +) 32
D)  -) 12E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Which of the following titles would MOST likely be found in a research journal for neuroscience?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Increased levels of the hormone testosterone cause increased aggressive behavior in laboratory rats."
B)  "Compliments increase frequency of helping behavior."
C)  "Decreases in intellectual functioning can be reversed through increased mental activities in aging adults."
D)  "Spacing rehearsals during learning improves long-term memory for nonsense syllables."E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 9

As one of the advocates of _____, _____ developed a theory of motivation that emphasized psychological growth.

Accepted Answer

A)  functionalism; G. Stanley Hall
B)  psychoanalysis; Sigmund Freud
C)  humanistic psychology; Abraham Maslow
D)  structuralism; Edward B. TitchenerE) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 10

The _____ perspective contended that psychology should focus its scientific investigations strictly on observable conducts that could be objectively measured and verified.

Accepted Answer

A)  psychodynamic
B)  humanistic
C)  behavioral
D)  biologicalE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 11

_____ scans provide color-coded images of the brain's activity.

Accepted Answer

A)  MRI
B)  fMRI
C)  PET
D)  EEGE) C) and D)
F) B) and D) C

Question 12

The first African American to earn a Ph.D. in psychology was:

Accepted Answer

A)  Mary Whiton Calkins.
B)  Francis C. Sumner.
C)  Edward B. Titchener.
D)  G. Stanley Hall.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D) B

Question 13

Norris strives to identify and understand consistent patterns of behavior. She is willing to consider new or alternative explanations of behavior and mental processes. Dr. Norris is demonstrating:

Accepted Answer

A)  open-mindedness.
B)  skepticism.
C)  lawful understanding.
D)  cautious interpretation.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 14

Professor Newberg decided to study preferences of living senior adults, so he visited a local retirement village and invited residents to participate in a lengthy survey. Professor Newberg's survey results are probably invalid because he did not use:

Accepted Answer

A)  a valid hypothesis.
B)  an operational definition.
C)  independent and dependent variables.
D)  random selection of participants.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 15

While watching television late one evening, Marla tuned into an infomercial that claimed you could lose at least 5 pounds of fat each week by simply taking a natural herbal supplement. Suspicious, Marla conducted some research on the supplement and found that the sponsors of the infomercial were accused of presenting an irrefutable or nonfalsifiable claim. This means that the weight loss claim:

Accepted Answer

A)  is supported by empirical evidence.
B)  cannot be disproved or tested in any meaningful way.
C)  is true, but only for certain people, such as those who are already physically fit.
D)  has been tested in the laboratory.E) None of the above
F) B) and C) B

Question 16

_____ became the first major school of thought in psychology and relied on a method called introspection.

Accepted Answer

A)  Functionalism
B)  Psychoanalysis
C)  Behaviorism
D)  StructuralismE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 17

According to the Science Versus Pseudoscience box, which of the following items is NOT one of the strategies used by proponents of pseudoscience to give credibility to their claims?

Accepted Answer

A)  shifting the burden of proof
B)  use of irrefutable or nonfalsifiable claims
C)  combining unfounded claims with established scientific findings
D)  use of the scientific method and replication of their findings by other scientistsE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 18

Who wrote On the Origin of Species?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sigmund Freud
B)  John B. Watson
C)  B. F. Skinner
D)  Charles DarwinE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 19

Correlational research:

Accepted Answer

A)  can indicate causality in either a positive or a negative direction.
B)  provides the most compelling evidence of a cause-and-effect relationship between two variables.
C)  can reveal the degree to which two factors are related or co-vary in a systematic way.
D)  has been banned by the American Psychological Association since the 1960s, but it is still allowed in other countries.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 20

Psychologists are expected to abide by ethical principles regulating research with human participants; these principles include all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  informed consent.
B)  deception.
C)  confidentiality.
D)  compulsory participation.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Exam 1: Section 5: Introduction and Research Methods

Wilhelm Wundt focused on:

Correct Answer
verified

Researchers at the United Family Therapy Center are conducting a study to determine how quickly symptoms of anxiety are reduced by different forms of psychotherapy. What is the dependent variable in this study?

Correct Answer
verified

Rodella is very interested in your dream interpretation, blocked memories, and slips of the tongue. Which approach to psychology best fits Dr. Rodella's interests?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following specialty areas is the MOST popular choice for psychologists who have recently received their doctorates?

Correct Answer
verified

_____ dominated American psychology for the first half of the twentieth century.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Of the following correlation coefficients, which represents the WEAKEST relationship between two factors or variables?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following titles would MOST likely be found in a research journal for neuroscience?

Correct Answer
verified

As one of the advocates of _, _ developed a theory of motivation that emphasized psychological growth.

Correct Answer
verified

The _____ perspective contended that psychology should focus its scientific investigations strictly on observable conducts that could be objectively measured and verified.

Correct Answer
verified

_____ scans provide color-coded images of the brain's activity.

Correct Answer
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C

The first African American to earn a Ph.D. in psychology was:

Correct Answer
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B

Norris strives to identify and understand consistent patterns of behavior. She is willing to consider new or alternative explanations of behavior and mental processes. Dr. Norris is demonstrating:

Correct Answer
verified

Professor Newberg decided to study preferences of living senior adults, so he visited a local retirement village and invited residents to participate in a lengthy survey. Professor Newberg's survey results are probably invalid because he did not use:

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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B

_____ became the first major school of thought in psychology and relied on a method called introspection.

Correct Answer
verified

According to the Science Versus Pseudoscience box, which of the following items is NOT one of the strategies used by proponents of pseudoscience to give credibility to their claims?

Correct Answer
verified

Who wrote On the Origin of Species?

Correct Answer
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Correlational research:

Correct Answer
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Psychologists are expected to abide by ethical principles regulating research with human participants; these principles include all of the following EXCEPT:

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 1: Section 5: Introduction and Research Methods

Wilhelm Wundt focused on:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Researchers at the United Family Therapy Center are conducting a study to determine how quickly symptoms of anxiety are reduced by different forms of psychotherapy. What is the dependent variable in this study?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Rodella is very interested in your dream interpretation, blocked memories, and slips of the tongue. Which approach to psychology best fits Dr. Rodella's interests?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following specialty areas is the MOST popular choice for psychologists who have recently received their doctorates?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ dominated American psychology for the first half of the twentieth century.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Of the following correlation coefficients, which represents the WEAKEST relationship between two factors or variables?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following titles would MOST likely be found in a research journal for neuroscience?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As one of the advocates of _____, _____ developed a theory of motivation that emphasized psychological growth.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The _____ perspective contended that psychology should focus its scientific investigations strictly on observable conducts that could be objectively measured and verified.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ scans provide color-coded images of the brain's activity.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

The first African American to earn a Ph.D. in psychology was:

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Norris strives to identify and understand consistent patterns of behavior. She is willing to consider new or alternative explanations of behavior and mental processes. Dr. Norris is demonstrating:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Professor Newberg decided to study preferences of living senior adults, so he visited a local retirement village and invited residents to participate in a lengthy survey. Professor Newberg's survey results are probably invalid because he did not use:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedB

_____ became the first major school of thought in psychology and relied on a method called introspection.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the Science Versus Pseudoscience box, which of the following items is NOT one of the strategies used by proponents of pseudoscience to give credibility to their claims?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Who wrote On the Origin of Species?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correlational research:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychologists are expected to abide by ethical principles regulating research with human participants; these principles include all of the following EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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As one of the advocates of _, _ developed a theory of motivation that emphasized psychological growth.

Correct Answer
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C

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B

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B

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