Question 1

The bottleneck effect

Accepted Answer

A)  occurs when many members of a population die,resulting in a great loss of genetic diversity.
B)  occurs when many members of a population reproduce,causing too much genetic diversity within the population.
C)  occurs when small groups of individuals leave their home population and establish new settlements,mating only among themselves.
D)  occurs when large groups of individuals leave their home population and establish new settlements,mating only among themselves.
E)  does not occur in naturE.F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 2

Darwin obtained which of the following in the Essay on the Principle of Population by Malthus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Organisms are varied and some variations are inherited.
B)  Populations grow constantly.
C)  An individual's chance of survival is random.
D)  Species do not change over time.
E)  More individuals of a population are born than survive to reproducE.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 3

Use the Hardy-Weinberg equations: p + q = 1 and p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1.If the dominant allele frequency is 0.8,then what percent of the population will be homozygous dominant?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.32
B)  0.16
C)  0.04
D)  0.64
E)  0.40F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 4

Babies that are at a low birth weight are more likely to have health problems,while women will have difficulty delivering babies with high birth weight.Together this leads to ______ for babies of average birth weight.

Accepted Answer

A)  stabilizing selection
B)  disruptive selection
C)  directional selection
D)  artificial selection
E)  sexual selectionF) A) and B)
G) D) and E) A

Question 5

If an environment changes rapidly,organisms with ____ will be more likely to survive and reproduce.

Accepted Answer

A)  existing beneficial mutations
B)  existing neutral mutations
C)  the ability to produce beneficial mutations
D)  the ability to adapt their genotype
E)  the correct allele frequencyF) D) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 6

In the section "Investigating Life: Size Matters in Fishing Frenzy",what did the researchers conclude from the figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Harvesting larger fish led to an increase in average size over time.
B)  Harvesting fish in a slot limit led to a decrease in average size over time.
C)  Harvesting fish in a slot limit led to an increase in average size over time.
D)  Harvesting fish of the three treatments created different selective pressures and changed the genetic structure of the populations.
E)  Harvesting larger fish led to a decrease in average size over timE.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 7

Darwin made which observation while on his four-year voyage on the HMS Beagle?

Accepted Answer

A)  More individuals of a population are born than survive to reproduce.
B)  Populations grow constantly.
C)  Organisms are varied and some variations are inherited.
D)  An individual's chance of survival is random.
E)  Species do not appear to change over timE.F) A) and D)
G) A) and C) C

Question 8

In the section "Investigating Life: Size Matters in Fishing Frenzy",a fish that eats other fish that in turn eat algae is a

Accepted Answer

A)  secondary consumer.
B)  producer.
C)  primary consumer.
D)  detritovore.
E)  herbivorE.F) C) and D)
G) A) and E) A

Question 9

Natural selection is random because no individuals are eliminated from reproducing due to different environments.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Individuals whose red blood cells are the correct shape and are able to resist malaria have a better chance of reaching reproductive age.This is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  heterozygote advantage.
B)  homozygote advantage.
C)  artificial selection.
D)  heterozygote disadvantage.
E)  dominant advantagE.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 11

In the section "Investigating Life: Size Matters in Fishing Frenzy",the heritability of body size was 20% regulated by the environment (and 80% controlled by genes) in Atlantic silversides.What would happen to the figure if heritability was 80% regulated by the environment (and 20% regulated by genes) ?

Accepted Answer

A)  The changes in average size would occur more rapidly.
B)  The changes in average size would occur more slowly.
C)  No changes in average size would occur.
D)  The fish would never get as large under the same environmental conditions.
E)  The fish would avoid predation.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 12

Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium will not occur in a population in which

Accepted Answer

A)  mutations do not occur.
B)  individuals mate at random.
C)  natural selection does not occur.
D)  individuals immigrate or emigrate.
E)  sexual selection does not occur.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 13

Alleles conferring red plumage to cardinal males are common because red plumage

Accepted Answer

A)  makes males less susceptible to predation.
B)  is helpful in attracting prey.
C)  is preferred by female cardinals in choosing a mate.
D)  allows male cardinals to easily identify each other.
E)  is an example of genetic drift.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 14

Darwin believed that because of "differential reproductive success" a population would change over time.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

A male peacock has enormous tail feathers that it uses in mating displays to attract females.While the tail feathers are an advantage in mating,what is the potential disadvantage of these feathers to the male?

Accepted Answer

A)  The feathers require a lot of energy to produce.
B)  Bright feathers make males less susceptible to predation.
C)  The feathers make the male more attractive to other males.
D)  There are no disadvantages to having large tail feathers.
E)  The large tail feathers would make it easier to fly.F) None of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 16

"Survival of the fittest" refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  natural selection.
B)  selection of organisms with high reproductive contribution to the next generation.
C)  selection of individuals with traits that increase fitness.
D)  higher allele frequencies of individuals best fit for the current environmental conditions in the next generation.
E)  All answers are correct.F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 17

Sexually dimorphic features do not include

Accepted Answer

A)  colored plumage.
B)  intelligence.
C)  antlers.
D)  body size.
E)  None of the answers are correct.F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 18

In the section "Investigating Life: Size Matters in Fishing Frenzy",what was the dependent variable in the figure part a?

Accepted Answer

A)  the mean weight of harvested fish
B)  the generation
C)  the age of the fish
D)  the size at which the fish were harvested
E)  the growth rate of fishF) None of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 19

In the Hardy-Weinberg equation,p + q = 1,p and q represent the frequency of alleles in a population of diploid organisms if

Accepted Answer

A)  two or more alleles exist for that gene.
B)  two or more genes are needed to express a trait.
C)  only two alleles exist for that gene.
D)  the trait is polygenic.
E)  only one allele exists for that genE.F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 20

The chance that a mutation will occur is independent of whether a new phenotype will benefit a population.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 12: Forces of Evolutionary Change

The bottleneck effect

Correct Answer
verified

Darwin obtained which of the following in the Essay on the Principle of Population by Malthus?

Correct Answer
verified

Use the Hardy-Weinberg equations: p + q = 1 and p² + 2pq + q² = 1.If the dominant allele frequency is 0.8,then what percent of the population will be homozygous dominant?

Correct Answer
verified

Babies that are at a low birth weight are more likely to have health problems,while women will have difficulty delivering babies with high birth weight.Together this leads to ______ for babies of average birth weight.

Correct Answer
verified
A

If an environment changes rapidly,organisms with ____ will be more likely to survive and reproduce.

Correct Answer
verified

In the section "Investigating Life: Size Matters in Fishing Frenzy",what did the researchers conclude from the figure?

Correct Answer
verified

Darwin made which observation while on his four-year voyage on the HMS Beagle?

Correct Answer
verified
C

In the section "Investigating Life: Size Matters in Fishing Frenzy",a fish that eats other fish that in turn eat algae is a

Correct Answer
verified
A

Natural selection is random because no individuals are eliminated from reproducing due to different environments.

Correct Answer
verified

Individuals whose red blood cells are the correct shape and are able to resist malaria have a better chance of reaching reproductive age.This is known as

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium will not occur in a population in which

Correct Answer
verified

Alleles conferring red plumage to cardinal males are common because red plumage

Correct Answer
verified

Darwin believed that because of "differential reproductive success" a population would change over time.

Correct Answer
verified

A male peacock has enormous tail feathers that it uses in mating displays to attract females.While the tail feathers are an advantage in mating,what is the potential disadvantage of these feathers to the male?

Correct Answer
verified

"Survival of the fittest" refers to

Correct Answer
verified

Sexually dimorphic features do not include

Correct Answer
verified

In the section "Investigating Life: Size Matters in Fishing Frenzy",what was the dependent variable in the figure part a?

Correct Answer
verified

In the Hardy-Weinberg equation,p + q = 1,p and q represent the frequency of alleles in a population of diploid organisms if

Correct Answer
verified

The chance that a mutation will occur is independent of whether a new phenotype will benefit a population.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 12: Forces of Evolutionary Change

The bottleneck effect

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Darwin obtained which of the following in the Essay on the Principle of Population by Malthus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the Hardy-Weinberg equations: p + q = 1 and p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1.If the dominant allele frequency is 0.8,then what percent of the population will be homozygous dominant?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Babies that are at a low birth weight are more likely to have health problems,while women will have difficulty delivering babies with high birth weight.Together this leads to ______ for babies of average birth weight.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

If an environment changes rapidly,organisms with ____ will be more likely to survive and reproduce.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the section "Investigating Life: Size Matters in Fishing Frenzy",what did the researchers conclude from the figure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Darwin made which observation while on his four-year voyage on the HMS Beagle?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

In the section "Investigating Life: Size Matters in Fishing Frenzy",a fish that eats other fish that in turn eat algae is a

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Natural selection is random because no individuals are eliminated from reproducing due to different environments.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Individuals whose red blood cells are the correct shape and are able to resist malaria have a better chance of reaching reproductive age.This is known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium will not occur in a population in which

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Alleles conferring red plumage to cardinal males are common because red plumage

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Darwin believed that because of "differential reproductive success" a population would change over time.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A male peacock has enormous tail feathers that it uses in mating displays to attract females.While the tail feathers are an advantage in mating,what is the potential disadvantage of these feathers to the male?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

"Survival of the fittest" refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sexually dimorphic features do not include

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the section "Investigating Life: Size Matters in Fishing Frenzy",what was the dependent variable in the figure part a?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the Hardy-Weinberg equation,p + q = 1,p and q represent the frequency of alleles in a population of diploid organisms if

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The chance that a mutation will occur is independent of whether a new phenotype will benefit a population.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Use the Hardy-Weinberg equations: p + q = 1 and p² + 2pq + q² = 1.If the dominant allele frequency is 0.8,then what percent of the population will be homozygous dominant?

Correct Answer
verified

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A

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C

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A

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