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Exam 5: Cognitive Development in Infancy

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Question 51

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In which substage of sensorimotor development do infants start repeating actions that bring interesting or pleasurable results?

A) First habits and primary circular reactions
B) Simple reflexes
C) Secondary circular reactions
D) Tertiary circular reactions,novelty,and curiosity

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Question 52

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Most of young infants' conscious memories appear to be _____,although their implicit memory of perceptual-motor actions can be _____.

A) substantial; rather fragile
B) well-developed; underdeveloped
C) rather fragile and short-lived; substantial
D) long-lasting; short-lived

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Question 53

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Piaget divided the sensorimotor stage of development into _____ substages.

Identify the ability to produce an endless number of meaningful sentences using a finite set of words and rules.

_____ provides a measure of an infant's maturity and well-being.

In Baillargeon's view,infants have a pre-adapted,innate bias called the principle of _____ that explains their assumption that objects do not change their properties unless some external factor obviously intervenes.

_____ involves the retention of information over time.

According to Jean Piaget,identify the sixth and final substage of sensorimotor thought.This substage is apparent in children between 18 and 24 months of age.The infant develops the ability to use primitive symbols in this substage.

Identify Jean Piaget's concept that describes the cognitive conflict that occurs when information in the environment is inconsistent with the child's current schemes.This conflict is the motivation to modify schemes or develop new schemes that are more consistent with the outside world.

Identify the correct sequence of vocalization in infants.

Benji starts calling his father "dad," but he also calls all men that he sees "dad." According to Piaget,this error is due to:

Jean Piaget observes that at one year and two months,his daughter Jacqueline holds in her hands an object which is new to her: a round,flat box which she turns all over,shakes,and rubs against the bassinet.She lets it go and tries to pick it up.But she only succeeds in touching it with her index finger,without grasping it.She nevertheless makes an attempt and presses on the edge.The box then tilts up and falls again.Jacqueline shows an interest in this result and studies the fallen box.Which of Piaget's six substages of sensorimotor development does this behavior reflect?

Shelby babbles using the sounds "ba,ba,ba" or "ch,ch,ch." These basic units of sound that our language is composed of are known as ________.

Researchers like Baillargeon have found that infants' perceptual abilities are highly developed much earlier than Jean Piaget proposed.These researchers conclude that infants see objects as bounded,unitary,solid,and separate from their background definitely by _____ of age.

Eight-month-old Andrew suffered brain damage at birth.His identical twin,Alex,had no brain damage.Research on habituation will likely predict that:

In the current version of the Gesell test and Bayley Scales of Infant Development,the subscores obtained from the four and five different categories of Gesell test and Bayley Scales of Infant Development respectively are combined into an overall score that determines the infants':

In which of the following substages of sensorimotor development do infants become intrigued by the many properties of objects and by the many things they can make happen to objects?

Two-year-old Max says the word "bunny" for a large hamster and a white rat.Max's error is known as:

Define schemes.What are the processes of accommodation and assimilation? How are they related to schemes?

The focusing of mental resources on select information is called: