Question 1

Zone of proximal development (ZPD) is Vygotsky's term for:

Accepted Answer

A)   a young adult's cognitive development achieved through interaction with children.
B)   the variety of work that a child can do with ease at a particular stage of cognitive development.
C)   how the environment and a child's genetically programmed learning ability interact during a critical period.
D)   the range of tasks difficult for a child to master alone but that can be learned with help from adults.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 2

When 4- and 5-year-olds scramble over jungle gyms and race their friends,they demonstrate their:

Accepted Answer

A)   cognitive skills.
B)   fine harboring skills.
C)   gross motor skills.
D)   reflective skills.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 3

Which of the following is a criticism related to the Montessori approach?

Accepted Answer

A)   It lays too much emphasis on social interaction.
B)   It does not employ self-corrective materials.
C)   It lays too much emphasis on imaginative play.
D)   It neglects children's socioemotional development.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 4

A young child might be heard saying "That tree pushed the leaf off and it fell down." The child's belief that the tree is capable of action is referred to as _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   egocentrism
B)   conservation
C)   animism
D)   kineticismE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 5

Identify the term for the range of tasks that are too difficult for children to master alone but that can be learned with the guidance and assistance of adults or more-skilled children.

Accepted Answer

Zone of pr...

Question 6

Five-year-old Donna speaks in shorter,simpler sentences to her baby brother.She speaks in a very informal way with her friends and uses a more formal language with her father's friends.Donna is demonstrating her grasp of:

Accepted Answer

A)   pragmatics.
B)   morphology.
C)   syntax.
D)   phonology.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 7

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,a person with a BMI at the 90th percentile is:

Accepted Answer

A)   obese.
B)   overweight.
C)   at risk of being overweight.
D)   underweight.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 8

Kevin is just learning to walk.He can take a few steps by himself if he uses both hands to hold on to a piece of furniture for support.He can walk into the middle of a room only if one of his parents holds his hands.Which of the following represents the lower limit of Kevin's zone of proximal development (ZPD) for walking?

Accepted Answer

A)   Kevin learning to run after he has mastered walking by himself
B)   Kevin going back to crawling when he becomes frustrated trying to walk by himself
C)   Kevin walking alone by holding onto a piece of furniture with his hands
D)   Kevin learning to walk by having his parents hold one of his handsE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the relation between centration and conservation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Conservation requires centration.
B)   Centration is due to lack of conservation.
C)   Centration is reflected in lack of conservation.
D)   Conservation is independent of centration.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

Which of the following was cited by Zigler and his colleagues supporting universal preschool in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is more important to improve preschool education for young children who are disadvantaged rather than funding preschool education for all 4-year-old children.
B)   The quality of inner-city schools has often been found to be questionable.
C)   Research has proven that the gains attributed to preschool and kindergarten education are often overstated.
D)   Universal preschool would bring billions of dollars of cost savings because of a diminished need for remedial and justice services.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 11

Who among the following 5-year-olds is most likely to be the tallest?

Accepted Answer

A)   Timothy-White boy,urban,middle-socioeconomic-status,and later-born
B)   Tina-White girl,urban,middle-socioeconomic-status,and firstborn
C)   Tyrone-African American boy,urban,middle-socioeconomic-status,and firstborn
D)   Tucker-African American boy,rural,lower-socioeconomic-status,and later-bornE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

While talking to his grandmother on the phone,five-year-old Danny suddenly exclaims "Oh,look at that pretty bird!" When his grandmother asks him to describe the bird,Danny says "Out there,out there! Right there,Grandma!" He finally gets frustrated and hangs up.This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)   animism.
B)   egocentrism.
C)   intuitive thought.
D)   symbolic function.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

The second substage of preoperational thought,occurring between approximately 4 and 7 years of age,is characterized by the use of:

Accepted Answer

A)   reversible mental actions.
B)   egocentric views.
C)   primitive reasoning.
D)   symbolic thought.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 14

When adults are working with young children,they often provide a lot of hints,assistance,instructions,and other support to help the children succeed.As the children indicate that they can do more for themselves,the adults begin to withdraw the support.This shows the adults' involvement in the children's:

Accepted Answer

A)   zone of proximal development.
B)   development of conservational abilities.
C)   enhancement of intuitive reasoning.
D)   process of centration.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

4-year-old Ethan reasons that every time he sees a lightning bolt in the sky,angels are turning on their flashlights.Ethan's primitive reasoning about lightning is characteristic of:

Accepted Answer

A)   symbolic function.
B)   intuitive thought.
C)   egocentrism.
D)   centration.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 16

18-month-old Alan hates spinach but says "Yum!" when he sees his mother eating her favorite spinach casserole.This indicates that:

Accepted Answer

A)   he will also like spinach when he grows up.
B)   he recognizes that someone else may have different desires from his own.
C)   he has started to recognize false beliefs.
D)   he has started to understand that people can have ambivalent feelings.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 17

Researchers have found that children who have sleep problems:

Accepted Answer

A)   exhibit no related outcomes in adolescence.
B)   are less likely to consume alcohol in adolescence.
C)   are unlikely to show any variations in brain development.
D)   are more likely to be overweight.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 18

Piaget's preoperational stage is so named because he believed that children in this stage of development:

Accepted Answer

A)   cannot yet perform reversible mental actions.
B)   cannot yet form stable concepts.
C)   are unable to reason.
D)   cannot operate electronic devices like TVs.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

A toddler is likely to learn something in the zone of proximal development (ZPD) if:

Accepted Answer

A)   the toddler has mastered all the skills necessary.
B)   parents or teachers do not interfere.
C)   the task is too difficult for the child to accomplish on his own.
D)   the toddler takes no help from a parent or teacher.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 20

Three-year-old Sharon can solve 4-piece jigsaw puzzles on her own but needs her parents' help to solve 6-piece jigsaw puzzles.Which of the following represents the upper limit of Sharon's zone of proximal development (ZPD) for solving such puzzles?

Accepted Answer

A)   Sharon moving on to 10-piece puzzles
B)   Sharon solving a 6-piece puzzles on her own
C)   Sharon helping her 2-year-old brother with 4-piece puzzles
D)   Sharon mastering 4-piece puzzlesE) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Exam 7: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,a person with a BMI at the 90^th percentile is:

Correct Answer
verified

Zone of proximal development (ZPD) is Vygotsky's term for:

Correct Answer
verified

Five-year-old Donna speaks in shorter,simpler sentences to her baby brother.She speaks in a very informal way with her friends and uses a more formal language with her father's friends.Donna is demonstrating her grasp of:

Correct Answer
verified

While talking to his grandmother on the phone,five-year-old Danny suddenly exclaims "Oh,look at that pretty bird!" When his grandmother asks him to describe the bird,Danny says "Out there,out there! Right there,Grandma!" He finally gets frustrated and hangs up.This is an example of:

Correct Answer
verified

Identify the term for the range of tasks that are too difficult for children to master alone but that can be learned with the guidance and assistance of adults or more-skilled children.

Correct Answer
verified
Zone of pr...
View Answer

A toddler is likely to learn something in the zone of proximal development (ZPD) if:

Correct Answer
verified

A young child might be heard saying "That tree pushed the leaf off and it fell down." The child's belief that the tree is capable of action is referred to as _____.

Correct Answer
verified

4-year-old Ethan reasons that every time he sees a lightning bolt in the sky,angels are turning on their flashlights.Ethan's primitive reasoning about lightning is characteristic of:

Correct Answer
verified

Three-year-old Sharon can solve 4-piece jigsaw puzzles on her own but needs her parents' help to solve 6-piece jigsaw puzzles.Which of the following represents the upper limit of Sharon's zone of proximal development (ZPD) for solving such puzzles?

Correct Answer
verified

The second substage of preoperational thought,occurring between approximately 4 and 7 years of age,is characterized by the use of:

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following best describes the relation between centration and conservation?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Piaget's preoperational stage is so named because he believed that children in this stage of development:

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

When 4- and 5-year-olds scramble over jungle gyms and race their friends,they demonstrate their:

Correct Answer
verified

Researchers have found that children who have sleep problems:

Correct Answer
verified

Who among the following 5-year-olds is most likely to be the tallest?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is a criticism related to the Montessori approach?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following was cited by Zigler and his colleagues supporting universal preschool in the United States?

Correct Answer
verified

18-month-old Alan hates spinach but says "Yum!" when he sees his mother eating her favorite spinach casserole.This indicates that:

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 7: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,a person with a BMI at the 90th percentile is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Zone of proximal development (ZPD) is Vygotsky's term for:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Five-year-old Donna speaks in shorter,simpler sentences to her baby brother.She speaks in a very informal way with her friends and uses a more formal language with her father's friends.Donna is demonstrating her grasp of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

While talking to his grandmother on the phone,five-year-old Danny suddenly exclaims "Oh,look at that pretty bird!" When his grandmother asks him to describe the bird,Danny says "Out there,out there! Right there,Grandma!" He finally gets frustrated and hangs up.This is an example of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify the term for the range of tasks that are too difficult for children to master alone but that can be learned with the guidance and assistance of adults or more-skilled children.

Correct AnswerverifiedZone of pr...View AnswerShow Answer

A toddler is likely to learn something in the zone of proximal development (ZPD) if:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A young child might be heard saying "That tree pushed the leaf off and it fell down." The child's belief that the tree is capable of action is referred to as _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

4-year-old Ethan reasons that every time he sees a lightning bolt in the sky,angels are turning on their flashlights.Ethan's primitive reasoning about lightning is characteristic of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Three-year-old Sharon can solve 4-piece jigsaw puzzles on her own but needs her parents' help to solve 6-piece jigsaw puzzles.Which of the following represents the upper limit of Sharon's zone of proximal development (ZPD) for solving such puzzles?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The second substage of preoperational thought,occurring between approximately 4 and 7 years of age,is characterized by the use of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following best describes the relation between centration and conservation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Piaget's preoperational stage is so named because he believed that children in this stage of development:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When 4- and 5-year-olds scramble over jungle gyms and race their friends,they demonstrate their:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Researchers have found that children who have sleep problems:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Who among the following 5-year-olds is most likely to be the tallest?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a criticism related to the Montessori approach?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following was cited by Zigler and his colleagues supporting universal preschool in the United States?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

18-month-old Alan hates spinach but says "Yum!" when he sees his mother eating her favorite spinach casserole.This indicates that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,a person with a BMI at the 90^th percentile is:

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Zone of pr...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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