Question 1

Which of the following is the main reason that hampers the use of rehearsal as a tool for retaining information over a long period of time?

Accepted Answer

A)  It involves the unconscious repetition of information.
B)  It can only be used to store verbal information for half a minute or less.
C)  It always results in distortion of memories.
D)  It involves mechanically repeating information, without imparting meaning to it.E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

_____ refers to auditory sensory memory, whereas _____ refers to visual sensory memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  Iconic memory/echoic memory
B)  Declarative memory/nondeclarative memory
C)  Echoic memory/iconic memory
D)  Nondeclarative memory/declarative memoryE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Long-term potentiation is a concept that explains

Accepted Answer

A)  how people can remember material for several months.
B)  how memory functions at the neuron level.
C)  how cannibalized worms can pass on skills they had learned to the cannibals.
D)  why students should study exam material over a period of days instead of hours.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C) B

Question 4

Which of the following involves memory for skills?

Accepted Answer

A)  semantic memory
B)  working memory
C)  procedural memory
D)  schemaE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 5

Ryan, a high-school football player, received a head injury during a game.Following recovery, Ryan was unable to remember anything that happened before the injury.However, he was able to form new relationships and new memories.In the context of forgetting, Ryan's condition best exemplifies

Accepted Answer

A)  anterograde amnesia.
B)  retrograde amnesia.
C)  the primacy effect.
D)  the recency effect.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Which of the following is true of the visuo-spatial sketchpad?

Accepted Answer

A)  When there are many items in the visuo-spatial sketchpad, one can represent them accurately enough to retrieve them successfully.
B)  The visual spatial sketchpad depends on the phonological loop for its operations.
C)  The visuo-spatial sketchpad acts like a supervisor who monitors which information deserves attention and which should be ignored.
D)  The capacity of the visuo-spatial sketchpad is limited.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 7

Why did cognitive psychologist Jonathan Schooler suggest that the term recovered memories be replaced with the term discovered memories?

Accepted Answer

A)  Individuals with "discovered" memories experience them as real, whether or not the memories are accurate.
B)  "Discovered" memories are more accurate and detailed than "recovered" memories.
C)  The term discovered memories avoids the negative connotations of the term recovered memories.
D)  Individuals with "discovered" memories realize that the memories may be inaccurate.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Rachel remembers that she has an important meeting with her advisor right after her English class on Tuesday.This is an example of _____ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  retrospective
B)  prospective
C)  procedural
D)  autobiographicalE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

Jillian was in a car accident and sustained a serious head trauma.Since the surgery, she has forgotten her name, career, and other vital information about herself.Yet, she is still able to talk, know what words mean, and have general knowledge about the world, such as what day it is or who currently is the president of the U.S.This behavior suggests that Jillian's _____ is impaired, but her _____ is still functioning.

Accepted Answer

A)  episodic memory/semantic memory
B)  semantic memory/episodic memory
C)  sensory memory/long-term memory
D)  declarative memory/nondeclarative memoryE) All of the above
F) A) and D) A

Question 10

The locations of neural activity, called _____, are interconnected.

Accepted Answer

A)  scripts
B)  phonological loops
C)  chunks
D)  nodesE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 11

According to the Atkinson-Shiffrin theory, which of the following memory systems has a time frame of up to 30 seconds?

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory memory
B)  short-term memory
C)  long-term memory
D)  schemasE) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 12

Having a better memory for items at the beginning of a list demonstrates the _____, whereas having a better memory for items at the end of a list demonstrates the _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  recency effect/primacy effect
B)  primacy effect/recency effect
C)  flashbulb memory effect/metamemory effect
D)  metamemory effect/flashbulb memory effectE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

The type of effortful retrieval associated with a person's feeling that he or she knows something (say, a word or a name)  but cannot quite pull it out of memory is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  decay phenomenon.
B)  tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon.
C)  retroactive interference.
D)  proactive interference.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 14

Which of the following is true of the term "levels of processing" in memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  It negates the role of deep processing in memory.
B)  It emphasizes shallow processing as the key step in memory retrieval.
C)  It asserts that deeper processing produces poorer memory.
D)  It refers to a continuum of memory processing.E) None of the above
F) A) and C) D

Question 15

Janel was sexually abused by her uncle when she was five years old.This experience was so devastating and traumatic that she removed the memory from her conscious awareness.This is an example of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  implicit memory.
B)  schema.
C)  repressed memory.
D)  elaboration.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Which of the following is true of divided attention in the context of memory encoding?

Accepted Answer

A)  Divided attention involves concentrating on different activities, one activity at a time.
B)  Divided attention is the ability to maintain attention to a selected stimulus for a prolonged period of time.
C)  Divided attention is not likely to impede an individual's ability to pay attention to a specific aspect of an experience.
D)  Divided attention can be especially detrimental to the process of encoding information.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 17

Which of the following correctly differentiates between sensory memory and short-term memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Compared with sensory memory, short-term memory is limited in capacity.
B)  Compared with sensory memory, short-term memory stores information for a shorter time.
C)  Compared with short-term memory, sensory memory retains all information from the environment.
D)  Compared with short-term memory, sensory memory can store smaller amounts of information.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 18

Which of the following is true of sensory memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sensory memory is typically reflected in the sights and sounds one encounters in daily life.
B)  Sensory memory is brief and without detail.
C)  Sensory memory holds information in time frames of 30 seconds or more.
D)  Sensory memory processes all the information encountered by a person.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

An encoding failure occurs when

Accepted Answer

A)  information was never entered into long-term memory.
B)  newly learned information interferes with preexisting knowledge.
C)  preexisting knowledge interferes with newly learned information.
D)  the number of neural connections decreases over time.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 20

An individual's autobiographical memory forms the core of the individual's

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive system.
B)  emotional system.
C)  personal identity.
D)  brain.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 6: Memory

Which of the following is the main reason that hampers the use of rehearsal as a tool for retaining information over a long period of time?

Correct Answer
verified

_ refers to auditory sensory memory, whereas _ refers to visual sensory memory.

Correct Answer
verified

Long-term potentiation is a concept that explains

Correct Answer
verified
B

Which of the following involves memory for skills?

Correct Answer
verified

Ryan, a high-school football player, received a head injury during a game.Following recovery, Ryan was unable to remember anything that happened before the injury.However, he was able to form new relationships and new memories.In the context of forgetting, Ryan's condition best exemplifies

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is true of the visuo-spatial sketchpad?

Correct Answer
verified

Why did cognitive psychologist Jonathan Schooler suggest that the term recovered memories be replaced with the term discovered memories?

Correct Answer
verified

Rachel remembers that she has an important meeting with her advisor right after her English class on Tuesday.This is an example of _____ memory.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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A

The locations of neural activity, called _____, are interconnected.

Correct Answer
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According to the Atkinson-Shiffrin theory, which of the following memory systems has a time frame of up to 30 seconds?

Correct Answer
verified

Having a better memory for items at the beginning of a list demonstrates the _, whereas having a better memory for items at the end of a list demonstrates the _.

Correct Answer
verified

The type of effortful retrieval associated with a person's feeling that he or she knows something (say, a word or a name) but cannot quite pull it out of memory is known as

Correct Answer
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Which of the following is true of the term "levels of processing" in memory?

Correct Answer
verified
D

Janel was sexually abused by her uncle when she was five years old.This experience was so devastating and traumatic that she removed the memory from her conscious awareness.This is an example of a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is true of divided attention in the context of memory encoding?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following correctly differentiates between sensory memory and short-term memory?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is true of sensory memory?

Correct Answer
verified

An encoding failure occurs when

Correct Answer
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An individual's autobiographical memory forms the core of the individual's

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 6: Memory

Which of the following is the main reason that hampers the use of rehearsal as a tool for retaining information over a long period of time?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ refers to auditory sensory memory, whereas _____ refers to visual sensory memory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Long-term potentiation is a concept that explains

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Which of the following involves memory for skills?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ryan, a high-school football player, received a head injury during a game.Following recovery, Ryan was unable to remember anything that happened before the injury.However, he was able to form new relationships and new memories.In the context of forgetting, Ryan's condition best exemplifies

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of the visuo-spatial sketchpad?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why did cognitive psychologist Jonathan Schooler suggest that the term recovered memories be replaced with the term discovered memories?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Rachel remembers that she has an important meeting with her advisor right after her English class on Tuesday.This is an example of _____ memory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedA

The locations of neural activity, called _____, are interconnected.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the Atkinson-Shiffrin theory, which of the following memory systems has a time frame of up to 30 seconds?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Having a better memory for items at the beginning of a list demonstrates the _____, whereas having a better memory for items at the end of a list demonstrates the _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The type of effortful retrieval associated with a person's feeling that he or she knows something (say, a word or a name) but cannot quite pull it out of memory is known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of the term "levels of processing" in memory?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Janel was sexually abused by her uncle when she was five years old.This experience was so devastating and traumatic that she removed the memory from her conscious awareness.This is an example of a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of divided attention in the context of memory encoding?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following correctly differentiates between sensory memory and short-term memory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of sensory memory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An encoding failure occurs when

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An individual's autobiographical memory forms the core of the individual's

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

_ refers to auditory sensory memory, whereas _ refers to visual sensory memory.

Correct Answer
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B

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A

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Having a better memory for items at the beginning of a list demonstrates the _, whereas having a better memory for items at the end of a list demonstrates the _.

Correct Answer
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D

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