Question 1

By the time they enter first grade, it is estimated that children know about _____ words.

Accepted Answer

A)   1,200
B)   8,000
C)   14,000
D)   5,000E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

Three-and-a-half-year-old Ruth draws a picture with lavender, purple, and blue colors intermixed with green, yellow, and brown. "It's a boat on the ocean at sunset, with whales jumping all around it!" she explains to her teacher. Which of the following does this explain?

Accepted Answer

A)   Animism
B)   Conservation
C)   Intuitive thought
D)   Symbolic functionE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 3

Which of the following did Vygotsky call the "buds" or "flowers" of development?

Accepted Answer

A)   Tasks a child can accomplish independently
B)   Intuitive thinking and rational thinking
C)   A child's cognitive skills in the process of maturing
D)   A child's gross motor skills that are fully developedE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 4

Which of the following statements about childhood obesity is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Children who are overweight at age 3 are also at risk of being overweight at age 12.
B)   There is no indication that overweight young children will become overweight adults.
C)   Obesity is not linked to type 2 (adult-onset)  diabetes in children.
D)   In 2005, the United States had the highest rate of child obesity in the world.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 5

Debra is very active. She loves to tumble and show off. She is always trying out what her parents consider to be hair-raising stunts. She also loves races and believes she can run faster than her parents. This type of activity level and confidence is most characteristic of:

Accepted Answer

A)   1-year-olds.
B)   2-year-olds.
C)   3-year-olds.
D)   5-year-olds.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 6

Research with the memory-span task suggests that:

Accepted Answer

A)   short-term memory increases during early childhood.
B)   long-term memory reaches maturation by early childhood.
C)   memory span depends on one's ethnic origin.
D)   heredity is a major factor affecting memory.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

An umbrella-like concept that encompasses a number of higher-level cognitive processes linked to the development of the brain's prefrontal cortex.

Accepted Answer

Executive ...

Question 8

Zelda, 3, is always asking questions like "Where Daddy is going?" and "What Mommy is doing?" This indicates that she is yet to learn the auxiliary-inversion rule and to apply rules of:

Accepted Answer

A)   pragmatics.
B)   morphology.
C)   syntax.
D)   phonology.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 9

Gross motor skills are to fine motor skills as _____ is to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   jumping; writing
B)   running; swimming
C)   laughing; shouting
D)   hopping; walkingE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 10

In a study comparing the memory spans of preschool and elementary school children, the latter group consistently scored better. This apparent increase in memory span with age could be explained partly by how:

Accepted Answer

A)   the peer group plays a part in short-term memory.
B)   older children rehearse the digits more than younger children do.
C)   elementary schools practice scaffolding.
D)   memory-span tests are not always an accurate measure of short-term memory.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

When experimenters ask children to judge whether two complex pictures are the same, preschool children tend to use a haphazard comparison strategy, not examining all of the details before making a judgment, exhibiting a lack of:

Accepted Answer

A)   conservation.
B)   attention to the salient.
C)   centration.
D)   planfulness.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

Briefly describe the two stages of preoperational thought. Provide an example of children's thinking at each stage.

Accepted Answer

The Piagetian preoperational stage in co...

Question 13

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, only children and adolescents at or above the _____ percentile are classified as obese.

Accepted Answer

A)   97th
B)   95th
C)   90th
D)   88thE) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 14

Scientists have found that there are _____ the brains of children between the ages of 3 and 15.

Accepted Answer

A)   dramatic changes in local patterns within
B)   phenomenal increases in the overall size of
C)   insignificant anatomical changes in
D)   marked deceleration of growth inE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 15

Vygotsky believed that children construct knowledge through:

Accepted Answer

A)   self-discovery.
B)   social interaction.
C)   reorganization of existing knowledge.
D)   transforming previous knowledge.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 16

After the age of _____, children attend more efficiently to the dimensions of the task that are relevant.

Accepted Answer

A)   3 or 4
B)   4 or 5
C)   6 or 7
D)   5E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

In Piaget's theory, failing the conservation-of-liquid task demonstrates:

Accepted Answer

A)   that the child is at the sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
B)   that the child is unable to think fluidly.
C)   centration.
D)   rational thought.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 18

The awareness that altering an object's or a substance's appearance does not change its basic properties.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The awareness that altering an object's or...

Question 19

"My computer doesn't like me-it keeps eating my pictures," says 3-year old Kimberly. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)   animism.
B)   intuitive thinking.
C)   conservation.
D)   egocentrism.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 20

According to Piaget, in the _____ stage, the young child's cognitive world is dominated by egocentrism and magical beliefs.

Accepted Answer

A)   preoperational
B)   sensorimotor
C)   concrete operational
D)   formal operationalE) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Exam 5: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

An umbrella-like concept that encompasses a number of higher-level cognitive processes linked to the development of the brain's prefrontal cortex.

Correct AnswerverifiedExecutive ...View AnswerShow Answer

Research with the memory-span task suggests that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Vygotsky believed that children construct knowledge through:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a study comparing the memory spans of preschool and elementary school children, the latter group consistently scored better. This apparent increase in memory span with age could be explained partly by how:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, only children and adolescents at or above the _____ percentile are classified as obese.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about childhood obesity is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Zelda, 3, is always asking questions like "Where Daddy is going?" and "What Mommy is doing?" This indicates that she is yet to learn the auxiliary-inversion rule and to apply rules of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After the age of _____, children attend more efficiently to the dimensions of the task that are relevant.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Scientists have found that there are _____ the brains of children between the ages of 3 and 15.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Briefly describe the two stages of preoperational thought. Provide an example of children's thinking at each stage.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe Piagetian preoperational stage in co...View AnswerShow Answer

"My computer doesn't like me-it keeps eating my pictures," says 3-year old Kimberly. This is an example of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following did Vygotsky call the "buds" or "flowers" of development?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When experimenters ask children to judge whether two complex pictures are the same, preschool children tend to use a haphazard comparison strategy, not examining all of the details before making a judgment, exhibiting a lack of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Debra is very active. She loves to tumble and show off. She is always trying out what her parents consider to be hair-raising stunts. She also loves races and believes she can run faster than her parents. This type of activity level and confidence is most characteristic of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Three-and-a-half-year-old Ruth draws a picture with lavender, purple, and blue colors intermixed with green, yellow, and brown. "It's a boat on the ocean at sunset, with whales jumping all around it!" she explains to her teacher. Which of the following does this explain?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Piaget's theory, failing the conservation-of-liquid task demonstrates:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Piaget, in the _____ stage, the young child's cognitive world is dominated by egocentrism and magical beliefs.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

By the time they enter first grade, it is estimated that children know about _____ words.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The awareness that altering an object's or a substance's appearance does not change its basic properties.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gross motor skills are to fine motor skills as _____ is to _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The Piagetian preoperational stage in co...
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Gross motor skills are to fine motor skills as _ is to _.

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