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In the Homestead strike of 1892, Andrew Carnegie's chief lieutenant was ___________________.

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Social Darwinism was an ideology that had its critics, but it did have a lot to do with the realities of the late nineteenth-century corporate economy.

A) True
B) False

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The new rationale for capitalism in the late nineteenth century rested on an older ideology of individualism.

A) True
B) False

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Henry George sought to do away with social ills by levying a "single tax" on corporate profits.

A) True
B) False

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The author made famous by her 1869 book Little Women was ______________________.

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At the end of the nineteenth century, the average income of an American worker was somewhat higher than the minimum required to maintain a reasonable level of comfort.

A) True
B) False

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The central figure in the development of the steel industry was _________________.

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The Knights of Labor


A) was primarily a trade union.
B) did not allow women to join.
C) began as a secret fraternal organization.
D) focused its efforts on improving wages and reducing hours.
E) tried in particular to enlist support for their cause from lawyers.

F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

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Edward Bellamy's Looking Backward promoted a philosophy which he called ________________.

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By 1900, factory work in the United States required ever-increasing levels of skill.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following events did NOT occur during the Homestead strike of 1892?


A) Henry Frick shut down the plant in an attempt to destroy the Amalgamated union.
B) The entire Pennsylvania National Guard was ordered to protect strikebreakers.
C) Hundred of guards hired by Homestead were defeated in a deadly battle with strikers.
D) One radical made a failed attempt to assassinate Henry Clay Frick.
E) The Amalgamated trade union won the strike.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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Why were railroads such an important factor in the growth of industrial strength in America?

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The great railroad strike of 1877 was put down by both state militias and federal troops.

A) True
B) False

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Rockefeller's Standard Oil Company was an example of a combination of horizontal and vertical integration.

A) True
B) False

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In the late nineteenth century, organized labor failed to make great gains for all of the following reasons EXCEPT


A) tensions between ethnic and racial groups which divided the work force.
B) labor unions which faced powerful and wealthy corporations.
C) geographical mobility which served to dilute institutional ties and class consciousness.
D) major labor organizations which represented only a small percentage of the industrial work force.
E) state and federal laws to protect the rights of workers which did not exist.

F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

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The business structure of Carnegie Steel was a good example of


A) vertical integration.
B) horizontal integration.
C) diagonal integration.
D) central integration.
E) vertical and horizontal integration.

F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

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By 1900, the average yearly income of American workers


A) was about $600.
B) allowed most workers to maintain a reasonably comfortable standard of living.
C) remained generally unaffected by economic boom-and-bust cycles.
D) All the answers are correct.
E) None of the answers are correct.

F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

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By 1900, electric power was becoming commonplace in urban areas.

A) True
B) False

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"Scientific management" was seen to be a way to increase the decision-making abilities of employees in the workplace.

A) True
B) False

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A central corporate body that would buy up the stock of various members of a trust and establish direct formal ownership of those corporations was called a ____________________.

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