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Parents who have a child with autism spectrum disorder have about a ____ chance of having another child with such a disorder.This rate is more than 100 times the risk in the general population, lending weight to the idea that there is a strong genetic component to these conditions.


A) 20%
B) 8%
C) 13%
D) 29%

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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When there are no known genetic or organic influences, the causes of intellectual disability are generally considered to be


A) substance abuse.
B) cultural-familial.
C) prenatal.
D) completely unknown.

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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Alvin is a 10-year-old boy diagnosed with a mathematics disorder.His treatment plan will most likely involve


A) teaching him different strategies to improve cognitive skills.
B) stimulant medication.
C) developing an educational plan that exempts him from mathematics requirements.
D) placing him in a school for children with a specific learning disorder.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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The diagnostic criteria for intellectual disability include an assessment of adaptive functioning because an IQ score is


A) not a measure of intelligence.
B) an insufficient measure of impairment.
C) not adjusted statistically for people of different ages.
D) always highly inaccurate.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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The major reason that developmental disorders are considered to be so serious in terms of their capacity to disrupt later functioning is


A) the fact that medications used in children can have long-term effects.
B) the impact that they have on family functioning.
C) that the purely biological nature of developmental disorders leads to subsequent developmental failures.
D) that failure to develop at one level is thought to inhibit later stages of development.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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The DSM 5 criteria for intellectual disability are an IQ that is


A) significantly below average and symptom onset prior to age 18.
B) significantly below average, deficits in adaptive functioning, and onset prior to age 18.
C) significantly below average, deficits in communication, and onset prior to age 18.
D) significantly below average and deficits in adaptive functioning.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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Which best describes the way attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) develops as children grow into adulthood?


A) Children tend to outgrow ADHD.
B) ADHD tends to evolve into more severe forms of pathology.
C) Symptoms remain relatively stable throughout the lifespan for most individuals.
D) Manifestations of ADHD tend to change over time but many problems often persist.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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