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Exam 19: Earnings and Discrimination

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Question 91

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Over the past 30 years, the number of jobs in the United States requiring skilled labor has been declining as foreign countries steal these jobs away from the U.S. As a result, the domestic demand for skilled labor has been falling and the wage gap between skilled and unskilled labor has been narrowing.

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B) False

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Question 92

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Among female workers over age 25, about what percent has a college degree? What is this percentage for black female workers over age 25?

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Question 93

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According to research by Bertrand and Mullainathan, which job applicants, those with "white" names or those with "black" names, received more calls from interested employers? What percent more?

What is the term for offering different opportunities to similar individuals who differ only by race, ethnic group, sex, age, or other personal characteristics?

Name two occupations that have the two characteristics required for the superstar phenomenon.

Evaluate the following statement: "The gender pay gap provides evidence of widespread, severe, ongoing discrimination by employers and fellow workers."

Scenario 19-7 ​ Suppose that in the competitive market for auto repair, firms prefer to hire men rather than women. Assume that the women applying for positions have the same skills, experience, and work ethic as the men. As a result of this discrimination, the demand for women is lower than it otherwise would be. -Refer to Scenario 19-7. What conclusion can you draw about women's wages compared to men's wages in this industry?

The signaling theory of education maintains that workers who complete specific levels of education signal their high productivity to potential employers.

The "beauty premium" can be explained by the fact that

Discrimination is an emotionally charged issue that is impossible to study objectively.

Discrimination is a reflection of some people's prejudice against certain groups in society.

Most economists believe that the higher average salaries earned by men in comparison to women arise from

Job A is hard, dull, and dangerous. Job B is easy, fun, and safe. All else equal, we would expect Job A to pay

Which of the following could explain the changing gap in income between unskilled and skilled workers in the United States?

Differences in human capital among groups of workers is possibly a reflection of past discrimination.

Figure 19-5 -Refer to Figure 19-5. Given demand for labor, D₁, and supply of labor, S₁, what is the surplus of labor if a minimum wage of $8 per hour is imposed on this market?

Figure 19-7 ​ ​ -Refer to Figure 19-7. Given demand, D1, and supply, S1, what is the quantity of labor demanded if a minimum wage of $8 per hour is imposed on this market?

On average professors of finance earn more than professors of economics. Other things the same, what does this imply about the supply of each type of professor?

Figure 19-2 -Refer to Figure 19-2. This figure depicts labor demand and supply in a nonunionized labor market. The original equilibrium is at $10. If a labor union subsequently establishes a union shop and negotiates an hourly wage of $12.50, then employment is

Evidence of differences in average wages of women compared to men