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Which of the following is included in M2?


A) Credit cards
B) Money market mutual funds
C) Corporate bonds
D) Large time deposits

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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The banking system currently has $10 billion of reserves, none of which are excess. People hold only deposits and no currency, and the reserve requirement is 10 percent. If the Fed raises the reserve requirement to 12.5 percent and at the same time buys $1 billion worth of bonds, then by how much does the money supply change?


A) It falls by $12 billion.
B) It falls by $19 billion.
C) It falls by $21 billion.
D) It rises by $19 billion.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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The money multiplier equals 1/(1 - R), where R represents the reserve ratio.

A) True
B) False

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Why is the president of the New York Fed always a voting member of the FOMC?

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New York is the financial capitol of the...

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What makes the New York Federal Reserve regional bank so important?

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The president of the New York Federal Re...

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When the Fed decreases the discount rate, banks will


A) borrow more from the Fed and lend more to the public.The money supply increases.
B) borrow more from the Fed and lend less to the public.The money supply decreases.
C) borrow less from the Fed and lend more to the public.The money supply increases.
D) borrow less from the Fed and lend less to the public.The money supply decreases.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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The discount rate is the rate the Federal Reserve charges banks for loans. By lowering this rate, the Fed provides banks with a greater incentive to borrow from it.

A) True
B) False

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The Federal Reserve was created in 1913 after a series of bank failures in 1907.

A) True
B) False

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​In a system of 100-percent-reserve banking, changes in the money supply depend on the decisions of the Fed as well as the behavior of depositors and bankers.

A) True
B) False

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In the special case of the 100-percent-reserve banking, the money multiplier is


A) 1 and banks create money.
B) 1 and banks do not create money.
C) 2 and banks create money
D) 2 and banks do not create money.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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What is the change in the money supply when the Fed purchases $700 worth of bonds and the required reserve ratio is 14 percent assuming banks hold no excess reserves?

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Joshua and Ryzard buy the same pair of flip flops, but each in the wrong size. Joshua proposes a size swap with Ryzard. This is an example of


A) barter, since the flip flops in the correct size represent a medium of exchange.
B) barter, since the flip flops in the correct size have intrinsic value to both Joshua and Ryzard.
C) money, since the flip flops in the correct size do not have any intrinsic value.
D) money, since the flip flops in the correct size represent a medium of exchange.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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The chair of the Board of Governors regularly testifies to Congress about Fed policy.

A) True
B) False

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M1 includes savings deposits.

A) True
B) False

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The existence of money leads to


A) greater specialization in production, but not to a higher standard of living.
B) a higher standard of living, but not to greater specialization.
C) greater specialization and to a higher standard of living.
D) neither greater specialization nor to a higher standard of living.

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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​Bank runs are only a concern under a fractional-reserve banking system.

A) True
B) False

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Suppose the required reserve ratio is 20%. What is the maximum amount of total money supply that can be created from an initial deposit of $200? In general, why might the actual amount of total money creation be less than the maximum?

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The money multiplier is the reciprocal o...

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Banks cannot influence the money supply if they are required to hold all deposits in reserve.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following both decrease the money supply?


A) A decrease in the discount rate and a decrease in the interest rate on reserves
B) An increase in the discount rate and a decrease in the interest rate on reserves
C) A decrease in the discount rate and an increase in the interest rate on reserves
D) An increase in the discount rate and an increase in the interest rate on reserves

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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As banks create money, they create wealth.

A) True
B) False

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