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Scenario 22-5 A wireless telephone service provider offers three service plans to its consumers. Scenario 22-5 A wireless telephone service provider offers three service plans to its consumers.   -Refer to Scenario 22-5. By offering consumers these choices and allowing them to select the plan that best meets their needs, the wireless service provider is engaging in -Refer to Scenario 22-5. By offering consumers these choices and allowing them to select the plan that best meets their needs, the wireless service provider is engaging in

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In his 1951 book, Social Choice and Individual Values, Kenneth Arrow defined a "perfect" voting system. That system includes which of the following features?


A) unanimity
B) transitivity
C) absence of a dictator
D) All of the above are correct.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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When Republicans and Democrats offer similar platforms in an election campaign, a likely explanation is the


A) Arrow impossibility theorem.
B) Condorcet paradox.
C) median voter theorem.
D) fact that politicians are more interested in the national interest than their own self-interest.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Table 22-24 The citizens of Mayville are having a severe budget shortage and are faced with eliminating athletics from the town high school. The town administrator has determined that the town can afford to maintain one sport. Exactly one of the three choices will prevail, and the choice will be made by way of pairwise voting, with the majority determining the outcome on each vote. The preferences of the voters are summarized in the table below. Table 22-24 The citizens of Mayville are having a severe budget shortage and are faced with eliminating athletics from the town high school. The town administrator has determined that the town can afford to maintain one sport. Exactly one of the three choices will prevail, and the choice will be made by way of pairwise voting, with the majority determining the outcome on each vote. The preferences of the voters are summarized in the table below.   -Refer to Table 22-24. If the town administrator asks voters to choose first between basketball and football and then between the winner of the first vote and hockey, which sport will win the final vote? -Refer to Table 22-24. If the town administrator asks voters to choose first between basketball and football and then between the winner of the first vote and hockey, which sport will win the final vote?

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Table 22-3 Three family members -- Seamus, Maeve, and Siobhan -- are deciding what type of movie to attend. The three choices are an action adventure, comedy, or horror. The first, second, and third choices for each person are as indicated in the table below. Table 22-3 Three family members -- Seamus, Maeve, and Siobhan -- are deciding what type of movie to attend. The three choices are an action adventure, comedy, or horror. The first, second, and third choices for each person are as indicated in the table below.   -Refer to Table 22-3. Suppose the three decide to make the decision based on pairwise majority voting. If they first choose between Action and Comedy and then choose between the winner of the first vote and Horror, which movie alternative will win? A) Action B) Comedy C) Horror D) There is no clear winner - Comedy and Horror will tie. -Refer to Table 22-3. Suppose the three decide to make the decision based on pairwise majority voting. If they first choose between Action and Comedy and then choose between the winner of the first vote and Horror, which movie alternative will win?


A) Action
B) Comedy
C) Horror
D) There is no clear winner - Comedy and Horror will tie.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Table 22-6 Table 22-6   -Refer to Table 22-6. The table shows the preferences of 100 voters over three possible outcomes: A, B, and C. If a Borda count election were held among these voters, giving three points to each voter's first choice, two points to the second choice, and one point to the last choice, which outcome would win the election? A) Outcome A B) Outcome B C) Outcome C D) Either outcome A or outcome C since these have the same total score. -Refer to Table 22-6. The table shows the preferences of 100 voters over three possible outcomes: A, B, and C. If a Borda count election were held among these voters, giving three points to each voter's first choice, two points to the second choice, and one point to the last choice, which outcome would win the election?


A) Outcome A
B) Outcome B
C) Outcome C
D) Either outcome A or outcome C since these have the same total score.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Table 22-18 The following table shows the preferences of four types of voters over four possible alternatives as well as the percentage of the electorate with the given preferences. Table 22-18 The following table shows the preferences of four types of voters over four possible alternatives as well as the percentage of the electorate with the given preferences.   -Refer to Table 22-18. Suppose before any voting takes place that alternative W is eliminated as an option. If the voters first choose between alternatives X and Y in a majority vote, with the winner of that vote going against option Z in a majority vote, which alternative would win? A) X B) Y C) Z D) There would be no clear winner - alternatives X and Y would tie. -Refer to Table 22-18. Suppose before any voting takes place that alternative W is eliminated as an option. If the voters first choose between alternatives X and Y in a majority vote, with the winner of that vote going against option Z in a majority vote, which alternative would win?


A) X
B) Y
C) Z
D) There would be no clear winner - alternatives X and Y would tie.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Kris and Kelly have been dating for several years. Kris loves Kelly very much and wants to marry her. Which of the following is the best way to signal his love to her?


A) Kris should buy Kelly a box of his favorite chocolates.
B) Kris should give Kelly $15,000 cash to purchase her own engagement ring, since he doesn't know what kind she would like.
C) Kris should buy Kelly the diamond ring that she has been looking at recently in the jewelry store window.
D) Kris should send Kelly a text asking for her hand in marriage.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Which of the following is a reason to think that government action may not be valuable to improve market outcomes with asymmetric information?


A) The private market can sometimes deal with information asymmetries using signaling and screening.
B) The government rarely has more information than the private parties.
C) Government actions have their own imperfections.
D) All of the above are correct.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Evidence suggests that, in the real world, people appear to care about fairness


A) only when it coincides with their own self-interest.
B) only when it coincides with their determination to be consistent over time.
C) even when it does not coincide with their own self-interest.
D) not at all.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Assume there are nine voters in a certain small town and let x = the preferred number of dollars spent per person per month on garbage collection. For Voters 1, 2 3, and 4, x = $10; for Voter 5, x = $15; for Voter , x = $18; and for Voters 6, 7, 8 and 9, x = $20. The median voter is


A) Voter 3.
B) Voter 4.
C) Voter 5.
D) Voter 6.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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When markets fail, which of the following is true?


A) Government intervention can always improve outcomes.
B) Government intervention can potentially improve outcomes.
C) Government intervention can never improve outcomes.
D) Markets do not fail.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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A travel agency offers a money-back guarantee for vacationers taking their first cruise in case they do not enjoy the experience. This guarantee is an example of

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An example of screening is a company spending a large sum on advertising to convey the high quality of its product.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following practices are, at least in part, attempts to reduce moral hazard problems?


A) Parking ramps require customers to take a ticket with the time stamped on it from a machine in order to gain entrance.
B) Factory workers are paid by the hour.
C) A restaurant owner works long hours in order to make more profit.
D) None of the above are correct.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Which of the following is not correct?


A) Pairwise voting never produces transitive preferences.
B) The order of pairwise voting can affect the result.
C) Majority voting by itself does not tell us what outcome a society really wants.
D) No voting system can satisfy all of the following properties: unanimity, transitivity, independence of irrelevant alternatives, and no dictators.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Table 22-19 The 600 voters of Appleton are deciding by majority rule how much to spend on a new library. Table 22-19 The 600 voters of Appleton are deciding by majority rule how much to spend on a new library.   -Refer to Table 22-19. If an election were held between spending $2 million and $3 million, the median voter would vote for A) $3 million and $3 million would win. B) $3 million and $2 million would win. C) $2 million and $3 million would win. D) $2 million and $2 million would win. -Refer to Table 22-19. If an election were held between spending $2 million and $3 million, the median voter would vote for


A) $3 million and $3 million would win.
B) $3 million and $2 million would win.
C) $2 million and $3 million would win.
D) $2 million and $2 million would win.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Table 22-13 A high school Spanish class and their teacher are planning to take a Spring Break trip abroad but they have to decide where to go. They have narrowed the options to: Spain, Mexico, Ecuador, and Costa Rica. The voters' preferences are shown in the table below. Table 22-13 A high school Spanish class and their teacher are planning to take a Spring Break trip abroad but they have to decide where to go. They have narrowed the options to: Spain, Mexico, Ecuador, and Costa Rica. The voters' preferences are shown in the table below.   -Refer to Table 22-13. In a pairwise election between Mexico and Spain and then a second election between the winner and Costa Rica, which countries are chosen? A) Mexico is chosen in the first and second elections. B) Mexico is chosen in the first election and Costa Rica is chosen in the second. C) Spain is chosen in the first and second elections. D) Spain is chosen in the first election and Costa Rica is chosen in the second. -Refer to Table 22-13. In a pairwise election between Mexico and Spain and then a second election between the winner and Costa Rica, which countries are chosen?


A) Mexico is chosen in the first and second elections.
B) Mexico is chosen in the first election and Costa Rica is chosen in the second.
C) Spain is chosen in the first and second elections.
D) Spain is chosen in the first election and Costa Rica is chosen in the second.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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When new professors are hired, their job performance is monitored closely. If they meet their institution's standards, they will eventually receive tenure. After receiving tenure, professors' job performance is less closely monitored, and they become difficult to fire. Tenure thus creates


A) adverse selection.
B) a Condorcet paradox.
C) a screening problem.
D) a moral hazard problem.

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

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The results of the ultimatum game illustrate that


A) people's behavior is often driven by an innate sense of fairness.
B) homo economicus is a good description of people's behavior.
C) self-interest brings out the most efficient economic outcome.
D) people will always prefer a small gain to no gain.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

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