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During the Great Depression in the early 1930s,


A) bank runs closed many banks.
B) the money supply rose sharply.
C) the Fed decreased reserve requirements.
D) both a and b are correct.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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The money supply increases when the Fed


A) lowers the discount rate. The increase will be larger the smaller the reserve ratio is.
B) lowers the discount rate. The increase will be larger the larger the reserve ratio is.
C) raises the discount rate. The increase will be larger the smaller the reserve ratio is.
D) raises the discount rate. The increase will be larger the larger the reserve ratio is.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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M1 includes


A) small time deposits.
B) savings deposits.
C) other checkable deposits.
D) money market mutual funds.

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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The ease with which an asset can be converted into the economy's medium of exchange is known as _____.

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What is meant by the term "lender of last resort?" In what circumstances might the Fed be a lender of last resort?

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A "lender of last resort" is a lender to...

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Credit cards


A) ​are a method of deferring payment, and people who have credit cards hold less money on average.
B) are a method of deferring payment, and people who have credit cards hold more money on average.
C) ​are a medium of exchange, and people who have credit cards hold less money on average.
D) are a medium of exchange, and people who have credit cards hold more money on average.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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A bank's reserve ratio is 8 percent and the bank has $1,000 in deposits. Its reserves amount to


A) $8.
B) $80.
C) $92.
D) $920.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Suppose banks decide to hold fewer excess reserves relative to deposits. Other things the same, this action will cause the


A) money supply to fall. To reduce the impact of this the Fed could sell Treasury bonds.
B) money supply to fall. To reduce the impact of this the Fed could buy Treasury bonds.
C) money supply to rise. To reduce the impact of this the Fed could sell Treasury bonds.
D) money supply to rise. To reduce the impact of this the Fed could buy Treasury bonds.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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The banking system currently has $100 billion of reserves, none of which are excess. People hold only deposits and no currency, and the reserve requirement is 10 percent. If the Fed lowers the reserve requirement to 5 percent and at the same time buys $10 billion worth of bonds, then by how much does the money supply change?


A) It rises by $200 billion.
B) It rises by $800 billion.
C) It rises by $1,200 billion.
D) None of the above is correct.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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A bank has a 5 percent reserve requirement, $5,000 in deposits, and has loaned out all it can given the reserve requirement.


A) It has $25 in reserves and $4,975 in loans.
B) It has $250 in reserves and $4,750 in loans.
C) It has $1,000 in reserves and $4,000 in loans.
D) None of the above is correct.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Sam wants to trade eggs for sausage. Sally wants to trade sausage for eggs. Sam and Sally have a double-coincidence of wants.

A) True
B) False

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If the reserve ratio is 12 percent, then the money multiplier is


A) 9.3.
B) 8.3.
C) 7.3.
D) 12.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Fiat money


A) is worthless.
B) has no intrinsic value.
C) may be used as a medium of exchange, but is not legal tender.
D) refers to highly liquid assets that do not serve as a medium of exchange.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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You pay for cheese and bread from the deli with currency. Which function of money does this best illustrate?


A) medium of exchange
B) unit of account
C) store of value
D) liquidity

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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​The Fed wants to increase the quantity of funds available through the Term Auction Facility. The Fed sets the


A) ​price of the loan, and money supply increases.
B) ​quantity of borrowing, and money supply increases.
C) ​price of the loan, and money supply decreases.
D) ​quantity of borrowing, and money supply decreases.

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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Marc puts prices on surfboards and skateboards at his sporting goods store. He is using money as a unit of account.

A) True
B) False

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The Fed increases the reserve requirement, but it wants to offset the effects on the money supply. Which of the following should it do?


A) sell bonds to increase reserves
B) sell bonds to decrease reserves
C) buy bonds to increase reserves
D) buy bonds to decrease reserves

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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A bank has $500,000 in deposits and $475,000 in loans. It has loaned out all it can. It has a reserve ratio of


A) 2.5 percent.
B) 5 percent.
C) 9.5 percent.
D) 25 percent.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

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John and Jane decide to go on a vacation. As a result, they withdraw $2,500 from their savings account to purchase $2,500 worth of traveler's checks. As a result of these changes,


A) M1 increases by $2,500 and M2 decreases by $2,500.
B) M1 increases by $2,500 and M2 stays the same.
C) M1 and M2 stay the same.
D) M1 decreases by $2,500 and M2 increases by $2,500.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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The legal tender requirement means that


A) people are more likely to accept the dollar as a medium of exchange.
B) the government must hold enough gold to redeem all currency.
C) people may not make trades with anything else.
D) All of the above are correct.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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