A) human capital levels of workers.
B) signaling differences of workers.
C) nonmonetary characteristics of jobs.
D) All of the above are correct.
F) A) and D)
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compensati...View Answer
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A) discrimination.
B) a variety of factors,including differences in human capital and compensating differentials;few economists believe that gender discrimination in earnings exists.
C) differences in human capital as the primary reason.
D) a variety of factors,including differences in human capital,compensating differentials,and discrimination.
F) A) and D)
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A) market forces nevertheless always work to prevent discriminatory wage differentials.
B) discriminatory wage differentials can exist,but only if firms refrain from maximizing their profits.
C) discriminatory wage differentials can exist,but only if government reinforces customers' practices by passing laws that mandate discrimination.
D) discriminatory wage differentials can exist,even in the absence of discriminatory practices by firms or by government.
F) A) and D)
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B) False
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A) because the salaries paid to professional athletes exhibit the superstar phenomenon,which is highly correlated with discrimination
B) because all four United States professional sports leagues (football,basketball,hockey,and baseball) require discrimination studies every five years
C) because nonwhites comprise a majority of starters for many professional sports teams
D) because the wide availability of performance statistics allows economists to control for individual player productivity in ways that are difficult to do for other types of firms
F) A) and B)
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A) the marginal product of labor.
B) the marginal product of capital.
C) diminishing marginal returns.
D) a compensating differential.
F) All of the above
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A) workers with more seniority higher wages than newly-hired workers.
B) efficiency wages to reduce turnover.
C) compensating differentials to workers who work the night shift.
D) more attractive salespeople higher wages than less attractive salespeople.
F) C) and D)
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A) to reduce employee turnover.
B) to prevent unions from recruiting members.
C) to reduce the need for minimum wage laws.
D) to increase the demand for better-skilled workers.
F) C) and D)
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Women will be hired ...View Answer
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Many economists would argue that the NCA...View Answer
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B) False
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A) Traci is beautiful and Carol is not.
B) Traci is 40 years old and Carol is 60 years old.
C) Traci works the night shift and Carol works the day shift.
D) Traci has 15 years of experience and Carol has 10 years of experience.
F) All of the above
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A) threat of judicial review.
B) profit motive.
C) political process.
D) union movement.
F) A) and B)
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A) is a component of the theory of efficiency wages.
B) cannot be valid unless labor unions are sufficiently powerful to force enactment of those laws in the first place.
C) is more applicable to unskilled-labor markets than to skilled-labor markets.
D) All of the above are correct.
F) A) and B)
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A) woman is paid roughly the same as the median white woman.
B) woman is paid roughly the same as the median black man.
C) man is paid 21 percent less than the median white man.
D) All of the above are correct.
F) C) and D)
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B) False
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A) black employees earned 50 percent less than white employees in Chicago but that blacks and whites had similar wages in Boston.
B) black employees earned 50 percent less than white employees in Boston but that blacks and whites had similar wages in Chicago.
C) job applicants with white names received 50 percent more phone calls from interested employers.
D) job applicants with white names received 7 percent more phone calls from interested employers.
F) None of the above
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A) Some workers are members in unions.
B) Some firms pay efficiency wages;others do not.
C) Some customers are discriminatory in their buying habits.
D) Some employees have accumulated more human capital than other employees.
F) B) and C)
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