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A family that strongly values good health and fitness encourages their family members to take up sports; their grocery list,too,is full of nutritious choices which aid good health.The children in that family follow the same lifestyle pattern when they raise their families.Which term best describes this pattern of behavior?


A) Socialization process
B) Traditional lifecycle
C) Decision maker
D) Influencers

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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_____ occurs when consumers change information that conflicts with their feelings or beliefs.


A) Stimulus generalization
B) Selective distortion
C) Cognitive dissonance
D) Selective retention

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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__________is a learned ability to differentiate among similar products such as different brands of blue jeans.


A) Stimulus discrimination
B) Stimulus generalization
C) Selective perception
D) Selective discrimination

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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Which of the following is true of the dynamic nature of culture?


A) The least defining element of a culture is its values.
B) Culture prohibits its environment from changing.
C) Culture teaches etiquette regarding technology.
D) Consumers are born with a cultural identity.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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The process by which we select,organize,and interpret stimuli into a meaningful and coherent picture is called learning.

A) True
B) False

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How well a consumer's expectations are met from a product determines whether the consumer is satisfied or dissatisfied with the purchase.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following statements is true of the social class system in the United States?


A) Interest in organized labor is one of the most common attributes among the working class.
B) The working class spends more than the middle class on vacation homes,jewelry,vacations,and cruises.
C) The majority of Americans today define themselves as upper class.
D) Social class includes people who are of the same age and gender.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Identify three psychological factors that affect consumer buying decisions.Explain how these factors influence consumers decisions and how marketers use this information to successfully market their products and/or services to consumers.

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Answers will vary.An individual's buying...

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Unlike nonmarketing-controlled information sources,marketing-controlled information sources:


A) are types of internal information sources.
B) include friends and families.
C) are unbiased toward a specific product.
D) include mass media advertising.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Personality refers to how consumers see themselves in terms of attitudes,perceptions,and beliefs.

A) True
B) False

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Linda usually does not spend much time selecting gifts.However,when choosing a fountain pen for her husband's birthday this year,she visited several stores and spent a lot of time asking the sales staff about different features of the pen before making her purchase.This scenario illustrates _____.


A) product involvement
B) situational involvement
C) shopping involvement
D) enduring involvement

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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At the beginning of every trailer for Steven Spielberg's next release Ready Player One,one hears a voice saying,"From the makers who brought you Jaws,E.T.,Schindler's List,and Jurassic Park,we are proud to present Ready Player One." In this example,the movie promoters are using:


A) stimulus discrimination.
B) selective retention.
C) stimulus generalization.
D) social learning.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Which of the following statements is true of post purchase behavior?


A) Communication with consumers does not help in reducing cognitive dissonance.
B) Marketers encourage customers to have doubts even after they purchase a product.
C) Consumers expect certain outcomes from a product after making a purchase.
D) Consumers tend to increase dissonance by justifying their purchase decision.

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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Rapid changes in digital technology have hampered the decision making process for consumers due to an ever-increasing overload of information.

A) True
B) False

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When considering the roles in decision making that family members play when someone wants to buy a good or service,the member who suggests or plants the seed for the purchase process is called the _________________.


A) influencer
B) purchaser
C) consumer
D) initiator

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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The popularity of massive music festivals has created an opportunity for fans of electronic dance music to get together and create their own _____.


A) social class
B) subculture
C) values
D) race culture

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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In terms of making a purchase,the value of a product can derive from an enduring belief shared by a society that a specific mode of conduct is personally or socially preferable to another mode of conduct.

A) True
B) False

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Which strategy would a marketing manager most likely use to increase the sales of a high-involvement product?


A) Create advertisements that give consumers all the necessary information to make the purchase decision.
B) Focus on the package design of the product so that it will be eye catching and easily recognized on the store shelf.
C) Link the product to a lower-involvement issue to create publicity.
D) Offer coupons,small discounts,and two-for-one deals on the product.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Consumers try to reduce dissonance by justifying their purchase decision.

A) True
B) False

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_____ is the set of values,norms,attitudes,and other meaningful symbols that shape human behavior and the artifacts,or products,of that behavior as they are transmitted from one generation to the next.


A) Loyalty
B) Culture
C) Consumerism
D) Perceived value

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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